Effects of honey on carbon tetrachloride - induced kidney injury in adult male albino mice: light and electron microscopic study

In the recent years, extensive research work has been focused on the use of natural antioxidants against the toxic oxidative materials to ameliorate their toxic and cell damaging effects. In people who had died after exposure to CC14, kidney failure was frequently reported as the main cause of death. Honey is one of the natural antioxidants. So, the present work aimed at the morphological and morphometric evaluation of the efficacy of honey on the carbon tetrachloride-induced kidney injury.Thirty adult male albino Sprague-Dawley mice were divided into three groups, each group consisted of 10 mice. Control group [group I] received olive oil subcutaneously [S.C.]; CCL4 group [group II] were injected S.C. with 0.3% CCL4 dissolved in olive oil in a daily dose of 5ml/kg B. W. for 4 weeks. CCL4 + Honey group [group III] recieved both CCL4 and honey simultaneously daily for 4 weeks. The honey mixed with water and was given orally by gastric tube. The kidney specimens were processed for both light and electron microscopic examinations. Morphometric studies were also carried out. At L.M. level; carbon tetrachloride - induced degenerative changes in kidney cortex involved both corpuscles and tubules as well as inflammatory mononuclear cellular infiltration. By E.M.; thick interrupted glomerular basement membrane Morphometry showed significant changes of glomerulus, corpuscles and tubules. Honey effects were at L.M.; improvement of degenerative changes and inflammatory infiltration. At E.M; improvement of corpuscular and tubular changes. Morphometry showed better significant changes of glomerulus, corpuscles and tubules. Processed honey significantly reduced degenerative changes induced by CCL4 in the renal cortex on simultaneous administration

Comparación de mieles producidas por la abeja yateí (Tetragonisca fiebrigi) en Argentina y Paraguay / Comparison of honeys produced by the bee yateí (Tetragonisca fiebrigi) in Argentina and Paraguay

Tetragonisca fiebrigi Schwarz 1938 es una abeja sin aguijón conocida como yateí en Argentina y Paraguay. Al igual que otras especies de Meliponini, esta abeja nativa produce miel en botijas, con acidez y humedad más elevadas que los requisitos en mieles de Apis mellifera L. Se compararon 16 muestras de miel de T. fiebrigi producidas en la provincia de Misiones, Argentina y en el departamento de Itapuá, Paraguay según su contenido de humedad por refractometría, el color instrumental, la capacidad antioxidante en equivalentes de Trolox (TEAC) con el método del catión radical ABTS.+, el contenido de flavonoides con el cloruro de aluminio y el de polifenoles totales con el reactivo Folin Ciocalteu, y la actividad antibacteriana. Las propiedades de las mieles de Argentina y Paraguay variaron como se indica a continuación en color (107,18±19,40 y 100,40±15,47 mm Pfund), contenido de humedad (23,89±1,74 y 23,68±0,78 g agua/100 g miel), flavonoides (14,37±11,11 y 12,66±4,82 mg EQ/100 g miel), polifenoles (240,74±94,05 y 148,29±17,75 mg EAG/100 g miel) y TEAC (160,15±60,50 y 120,91±38,67 mymoles equivalentes Trolox/100 g miel). El color, la humedad, los contenidos de flavonoides y de polifenoles no variaron significativamente según el origen geográfico de las mieles, pero la TEAC fue mayor en las mieles argentinas que en las paraguayas. La concentración inhibitoria mínima de miel fue mayor contra Escherichia coli (50 g/100 mL) que contra Staphylococcus aureus (6,25 a 50 g/100 mL). Esta caracterización de mieles de yateí es una contribución para sugerir sus estándares de calidad.

Tetragonisca fiebrigi Schwarz 1938 is a stingless bee named yateí in Argentina and Paraguay. As well as other Meliponini species, this native bee stores honey in pots with acidity and moisture higher than the Apis mellifera L. honey standards. Sixteen T. fiebrigi honey samples produced in the county of Misiones, Argentina, and Itapuá department, Paraguay were compared according to their Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) by the method of the radical cation ABTS.+, flavonoid with aluminium chloride and total polyphenols contents with the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The properties between honeys from Argentina and Paraguay varied as follows in color (107.18±19.40 and 100.40±15.47 mm Pfund), moisture (23.89±1.74 and 23.68±0.78 g water/100 g honey), flavonoids (14.37±11.11 and 12.66±4.82 mg QE/100 g honey), poliphenols (240.74±94.05 and 148.29±17.75 mg GAE/100 g honey), and TEAC (160.15±60.50 and 120.91±38.67 mumoles Trolox equivalents/100 g honey). The color, moisture, flavonoid and polyphenol contents did not vary significantly according to the geographical origin, but the TEAC was higher in the honeys from Argentina than in those from Paraguay. This characterization of yateí honey is a contribution to suggest its quality standards.

Recovery from the carbamazepine [tegretol] critical effects on the histological structures of some organs of white rat infants by using a mixture of Nigella sativa and honey

In the present study, lactating infants' rat were given a dose of Carbamazepine [tegretol] [10mg/kg]. Mothers rat were divided into three groups: the first control group, the second was supplied with the drug while the third was provided with the drug and a mixture of Nigella and honey. Histological investigations showed serious damages of liver, kidney, testis, spleen, ovary of infants of mothers treated with the drug. For liver, it could be recognized the disordered of structural architecture and inter- and intracellular fatty filtration. Also a reduction in the cortex size of the kidney with damaging of all its components, and appearance of oedema and vacuoles in the lymphatic tissues of spleen were recorded. On the other hand infants of treated mothers with the drug and the mixture showed a great improvement in histological structure of their organs with nearly normal structure and a decreasing in the critical effect of the drug

Mieles checas categorizadas según su actividad antioxidante / Czech honey categorized according to their antioxidant activity

La bioactividad de la miel de abejas ha sido aplicada en apiterapia tradicional y moderna. El origen botánico ocasiona variaciones en los principios activos y en el color de este producto, desde incoloro y blanquecino hasta marrón oscuro en la escala ámbar. Se evaluó la actividad antioxidante total (AAT) de 50 mieles enviadas al servicio de Análisis Químico del Instituto de Investigaciones Apícolas en Dol, República Checa, con el método del catión radical ABTS·+. Se encontraron las siguientes variaciones de AAT (µmoles equivalentes Trolox) para 22 mieles florales (60,12-287,55), 15 mieles de mielada (53,71-280,04) y 13 mieles mixtas (43,55-290,35). La AAT no varió significativamente según el origen botánico de las mieles, pero fue directamente proporcional al color y al contenido de flavonoides y de polifenoles. Se sugiere una clasificación de mieles según su contenido bajo, medio o alto de AAT.

The bioactivity of honey has been used in traditional and modern apitherapy. The botanical origin of honey causes variations in this product's active principles and color, from almost colorless whitish to dark brown in the amber scale. The total antioxidant activity (TAA) of 50 honeys sent to the service of Chemical Analysis of the Institute of Apicultural Investigations in Dol, Czech Republic, was evaluated by the method of the radical cation ABTS·+. The following variations of AAT (µmols Trolox equivalent) were found for 22 floral honeys (60.12-287.55), 15 honeydew honeys (53.71-280.04) and 13 mixed honeys (43.55-290.35). The TAA did not vary significantly according to the botanical origin but was directly proportional to color and content of flavonoids and polyphenols. A classification of honey according to its low, medium and high TAA is suggested.

Histological and immunohistochemical studies on the effects of natural honey on the acetic acid induced colitis in the albino rats

Natural honey are effective for healing of major wounds, abscesses and burn. CoIonic tissue lesions of intestinal inflammatory disease patients seem to be related to the increased local production of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-I, IL-6 and TNF-alpha. To assess f there is any beneficial effect of honey on the acetic acid induced colitis through histological and immunohistochemical studies for TNF-alpha. Adult male albino rats [n= 60] were randomly divided into 3 main groups [preventive, 24 hr; acute induced colitis, 3 days and chronic induced colitis, 7 days,]: each group was subdivided into 4 subgroups [n=S/each,]: All subgroups were treated endoanally as follows: the first subgroup [control one,] treated with saline; the second [control 2] treated with honey; the third treated with acetic acid to induce colitis and the last subgroup treated with both acetic acid and honey. The studied rats of the different groups were sacrificed [24 hr; 3 and 7 days respectively]. Macroscopic and microscopic alterations in colonic tissue were evaluated. TNF-alpha expressions were assessed through immunohistochemistry. There were good effects of honey in all the 3 studied groups expressed by significant decrease in ulcer, mucosal and submucosal inflammatory cellular infiltrates and expression of TNF-alpha. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between the inflammatory cellular infiltrates and expression of TNF-alpha[p value < 0. 05] Honey has a role in prevention and treatment of ulcerative colitis in rats. Further studies are required to explore tile active ingredients responsible for the antioxidant effect of honey and its therapeutic potential in humans